Everything about Ng I Tahu totally explained
Ngāi Tahu, or
Kāi Tahu, the principal
Māori iwi (tribe) of the southern region of
New Zealand, has its tribal authority, Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu, based in
Christchurch. The iwi combines three groups: Kāi Tahu itself; and
Waitaha and
Kāti Mamoe, which both lived in the
South Island prior to the arrival of Kāi Tāhu. The three combined groups comprise five primary
hapū (sub-tribes): Kāti Kurī, Ngāti Irakehu, Kāti Huirapa, Ngāi Tūāhuriri and Ngāi Te Ruakihikihi. Some people explicitly claim descent from one or both of Waitaha and Kāti Mamoe
whānui (often in conjunction with Kāi Tahu). However, others argue that conflict and intermarriage have incorporated these groups into Kāi Tahu, and that they no longer form distinct entities.
The iwi's
takiwā (tribal area), the largest in New Zealand, extends from
Kaikoura in the north to
Stewart Island/Rakiura in the south, and includes the
West Coast area, Tai Poutini. Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu constitutes 18
rūnanga/rūnaka representing geographical areas, generally based around traditional settlements.
History
Ngāi Tahu trace their traditional descent from
Tahupōtiki, the younger brother of Porou-rangi, founding ancestor of
Ngāti Porou, a tribe of the East Coast of the
North Island. They originated on the east coast of the
North Island from where they migrated south to present-day
Wellington. In the early 18th century they began migrating to the northern part of the
South Island. There they and
Kāti Mamoe fought Ngāi Tara and Rangitāne in the
Wairau Valley. Ngāti Māmoe then ceded the east coast regions north of the
Clarence River to Ngāi Tahu. Ngāi Tahu continued to push south, conquering
Kaikoura. By the 1730s, Ngāi Tahu had settled in
Canterbury, including
Banks Peninsula. From there they spread further south and into the
West Coast.
In 1827-1828
Ngāti Toa under the leadership of
Te Rauparaha successfully attacked Ngāi Tahu at Kaikoura. Ngāti Toa then visited
Kaiapoi, obstensibly to trade. When they attacked their hosts, the well-prepared Ngāi Tahu killed all the leading Ngāti Toa chiefs except Te Rauparaha. Te Rauparaha returned to his
Kapiti Island stronghold. In November 1830 Te Rauparaha persuaded Captain John Stewart of the brig
Elizabeth to carry him and his warriors in secret to
Akaroa, where by subterfuge they captured the leading Ngāi Tahu chief, Te Maiharanui, and his wife and daughter. After destroying Te Maiharanui's village they took their captives to Kapiti and killed them. John Stewart, though arrested and sent to trial in
Sydney as an accomplice to murder, nevertheless escaped conviction.
The dialect displayed sufficient differences that an early missionary, Rev.
James Watkin, based at
Karitane, found materials prepared by
North Island missions unusable in Otago.
Southern Māori contains almost all the same
phonemes as other Māori dialects (ie, /a, e, i, o, u, f, h, k, m, n, p, r, t, w/), along with the same
dipthongs. But it lacks /ŋ/ ("ng") — this sound merged with /k/ in prehistoric times
Te Runanga o Ngati Waewae : The takiwa of Te Runanga o Ngati Waewae centres on Arahura and Hokitika and extends from the north bank of the Hokitika River to Kahuraki and inland to the Main Divide, together with a shared interest with Te Runanga o Makaawhio in the area situated between the north bank of the Pouerua River and the south bank of the Hokitika River. Ned Tauwhare currently serves as the Chair of the Runanga.
Commercial assets
Ngāi Tahu actively invests in many New Zealand
businesses, especially those related to
tourism. Investments, directed through the Ngāi Tahu Holdings Corporation, include:
Tourism
- An 88% Share in Shotover Jet
- Aqua Taxi
- Dart River Safaris
- Franz Josef Glacier Guides
- Hollyford Valley Walk
- Huka Jet
- Kaiteriteri Kayaks
- Kiwi Encounter
- Rainbow Springs
- Whale Watch Kaikoura
Seafood
- Ngāi Tahu Seafood
- Pacific Catch
Property
Iveagh Bay Terraces
Tumara Park
Wigram Village
Famous Ngāi Tahu
Sandra Lee
Sir Tipene O'Reagan
Peter Arnett
Mark Solomon
Maui Solomon
John Taiaroa
Keri Hulme
Tuhawaiki (died 1844)
Frank Winter
Jonathan Winter
Robbie Ratana
Tini Whetu Marama Tirikatene-Sullivan
Further Information
Get more info on 'Ng I Tahu'.
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